PharmD First Year Notes

Human Anatomy and Physiology

  • Unit I – Basics of anatomy, physiology, cells, tissues, skeleton, joints & their disorders.

  • Unit II – Blood composition, haemopoiesis, coagulation, lymph, spleen & related disorders.

  • Unit III – Heart anatomy, circulation, ECG, BP regulation & common cardiovascular disorders.

  • Unit IV – Respiratory anatomy & physiology, gas exchange, GIT anatomy, digestion & disorders.

  • Unit V – Nervous system structure, major brain areas, spinal cord, cranial nerves, ANS.

  • Unit VI – Urinary system anatomy, urine formation, RAAS, acid-base balance, clearance tests.

  • Unit VII – Endocrine glands, reproductive system, pregnancy, contraceptives, sense organs.

  • Unit VIII – Skeletal muscle structure & function, sports physiology & exercise effects.

Pharmaceutics

  • Unit I – Dosage form basics, prescriptions, posology, dose calculations, pharmacy history.

  • Unit II – Indian Pharmacopoeia development & overview of global pharmacopoeias.

  • Unit III – Powders & granules: types, preparation, special forms & uses.

  • Unit IV – Monophasic dosage forms: formulation principles, liquid preparations & applications.

  • Unit V – Biphasic dosage forms: suspensions, emulsions, classification & stability testing.

  • Unit VI – Suppositories, pessaries & galenicals: types, preparation, extraction methods.

  • Unit VII – Pharmaceutical calculations & surgical aids: dressings, sutures, medicated materials.

  • Unit VIII – Incompatibilities: types, prevention & compounding solutions.

MEDICINAL BIOCHEMISTRY

  • Unit I – Cell biochemistry, membrane transport, energy molecules (ATP, cAMP), enzymes, coenzymes & their roles in health and disease.

  • Unit II – Carbohydrate metabolism pathways, regulation, disorders & tolerance tests.

  • Unit III – Lipid metabolism, biosynthesis, regulation & metabolic disorders.

  • Unit IV – Biological oxidation, ETC mechanism, regulation, inhibition & uncouplers.

  • Unit V – Protein, amino acid & nucleic acid metabolism, synthesis, disorders, mutations & repair.

  • Unit VI – Clinical chemistry basics, kidney function tests & urine analysis.

  • Unit VII – Liver function tests, bile pigment metabolism & diagnostic enzyme tests.

  • Unit VIII – Immunochemical assays (RIA, ELISA), electrolyte balance & measurement.

PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

  • Unit I – Bond & molecular polarity, physical properties, acids/bases, isomerism, organic nomenclature & alkane free radical reactions.

  • Unit II – Cycloalkane preparation & strain theory, SN1/SN2 mechanisms, stereochemistry & solvent effects.

  • Unit III – Elimination mechanisms (E1/E2), dehydration, electrophilic & free radical addition to alkenes.

  • Unit IV – Allylic & vinylic substitution, resonance, conjugated dienes & their addition reactions.

  • Unit V – Electrophilic aromatic substitution, substituent effects, mechanisms & side-chain reactions.

  • Unit VI – Nucleophilic addition/acyl substitution, acidity, carboxylic acid derivatives & reactivity comparisons.

  • Unit VII – Aldol, Claisen, Cannizzaro, Perkin, Knoevenagel, Wittig, Michael & other named organic reactions; aromatic rearrangements & substitutions.

  • Unit VIII – Nucleophilic aromatic substitution, oxidation-reduction, and study of selected official medicinal compounds.

PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

  • Unit I – Errors in analysis, volumetric analysis, acid–base titrations.

  • Unit II – Redox titrations, non-aqueous titrations.

  • Unit III – Precipitation titrations, complexometric titrations.

  • Unit IV – Theory of indicators, gravimetry, limit tests.

  • Unit V – Medicinal gases, acidifiers, antacids, cathartics.

  • Unit VI – Electrolyte replenishers, essential trace elements.

  • Unit VII – Antimicrobials, pharmaceutical aids, dental products.

  • Unit VIII – Miscellaneous compounds, radiopharmaceuticals.